For the Sake of Our Planet free essay sample

The world is huge and mysterious, full of wonders and surprises, and humans are ever inquisitive by nature. The need for human to consistently travel and quench their curiousity through new discoveries had been evident since early civilization. Like those myths and legends of Gullivers Travels to appease the curiousity of people in the pastof the vast , unknwon Eart, to the real history and conquers of Marco Popl, humans have never find it enough to stop unreveling the wonders of nature and Earth to cease travelling. Especially with the advancement of and improvement of transport technologies. When we needed months, even years, of perilous travels across oceans, now we just need a few luxurious hours on planes to reach our destinations. But here lies the implications. With transportation made easier and more accessible, much more people are able to travel to different parts of the world than before. However, the process, and the sheer number of tourists may unknowing destroys the very nature they are there to appreciate as these sites are vulnerable to human influences. We will write a custom essay sample on For the Sake of Our Planet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Not only does this apply to internal tourism, but also globally as the world becomes more inter-connected and telecommunication becomes so advanced, information can reach even the furthest corner of the world speedily. It in turn, sparks more curiousity within more people and the desire to travel increases. Leading to more natural environment in peril. Therefore I agree to a large extent that for the sake of our planet and to protect more natural environment, tourism should be discouraged but not totally as there are still advantages to tourism which would be discussed. Tourism directly and indirectly causes great harm to the natural ecosytem and environment. Not only are many tourists being inconsiderate and irresponsible towards the nature site they visit, there are also other indirect human actions that can lead to the destruction of natural environment. As tourists flocks to visit nature sites, more hotels and tourists accomodities would be built to gain profit from the tourism industry. The environment may be destroyed in the process of building these infrastructures, like the clearing of lands for not only the hotels and hops, but also for better accessibility and transport system. This may eventually lead to overcrowding of the tourist spot. Following are the air and noise pollution, unavoidable when overpopulation occurs. This further degrades the environment. Therefore tourism should be discouraged as it can cause great harm to the environment of that particular tourist spot with the influx followed by the tourism industry. Also the travell ing in modern modes of transports like air palnes and various land transports releases large amount of carbon gases that can result in global temperature rise. And of course the rise in carbon emmision is a major influece from the rise in tourism as many prefer the mode of transport by air. The advancemnet of transporation technology by air has not only hasten travelling time, but as thismode of transport became more common, it became cheaper as well. Many budget airline companies are springing out, making travelling more affordable and more popular. However 12% of the worlds carbon emmision is contributed by aviation. Although there are many other industries and activities, like factories wastes, which produce more carbon emmision than air travel alone, discouraging tourism (along with other sectors) can help cut down on the carbon emmision. But on the other hand, as more people travel due to their yearning to return to nature, tourism had also encouraged many governments of several countries to preserve and protect the environment in order to attract tourists. For Kenya, South Africa, 25. 5% of the economy depends on tourism and it is still growing every year. This led the government in the protection and reserving nature reserves, turning them into wild Safari for tourism. Also, other cases like that of Beijing in preparation to receive large influx of tourists during the Olympics perioid. Much efforts and investments have been placed in cleaning up of pollutions and beautifying the city with greeneries. Showing that much avenue can come from tourism alone. Therefore countries are willing to invest in conserving the environment to better attract more tourists into the coutry to boost the economy. In the case as such, tuorism should be encouraged because it can spur governments into conscious actions in protecting the environent to get higher avenue from the tourism sector. In conclusion, tourism can impact negatively on the environment directly and indirectly; cheaper advance transpot technologies increases degradation to the quality of the environment. But on the flip side of the coin, tourism can also drive government bodies to invest in protecting and preserving the environment. All these points play an important role in the precarious relationship between the environment and tourism.

Free Essays on Cochise, Charlot, & Booker T. Washington

These three speeches, â€Å"I am alone†, â€Å"He has filled our graves with bones†, and â€Å"The Atlanta Exposition†, each speak of struggles from the same time period but they have many differences in the way the speech is presented and the people they address. â€Å"I am alone† and â€Å"He has filled graves with our bones†, are both written by Indians speaking their struggle with the white man, but there past experience with the white man and attitude differ somewhat. On the other hand, â€Å"The Atlanta Exposition† speaks of the black mans struggle with the white man, the speaker is wanting the blacks to rise up and prosper with the white man rather than the Indians admitting defeat. First, is â€Å"I am alone†, a speech given by Cochise, a Chiricahua Apache Leader. Cochise gave this speech to the Americans coming to them as a conquered chief. He is very passive, without any rage or intense anger in giving his speech He explained how his tribe had grew from a few into a thriving tribe and all the people they had encountered along the way. First they encountered the Spanish, which his tribe fought and were successful. Then the Mexicans came and the Indians fought them as well, but they were not afraid of the Mexicans because their tribe was substantial and strong. Finally the white man came as his grandfather was chief and the Indians accepted the white man and even exchanged favors. They did not fight the white man off like the others until the Indians were being killed and pushed off their land. Then Cochise went to war killing many soldiers, but for every white man killed there were many to come in his place. Soon the Indian tribe was few in numbers and not as much game left to hunt for food. Second, is â€Å"He has filled graves with our bones†, a speech given by Charlot, a chief of the Kalispel band of Flathead Indians. Charlot gives this speech in regard to the government wanting to tax the Indians, with much anger and hatred tow... Free Essays on Cochise, Charlot, & Booker T. Washington Free Essays on Cochise, Charlot, & Booker T. Washington These three speeches, â€Å"I am alone†, â€Å"He has filled our graves with bones†, and â€Å"The Atlanta Exposition†, each speak of struggles from the same time period but they have many differences in the way the speech is presented and the people they address. â€Å"I am alone† and â€Å"He has filled graves with our bones†, are both written by Indians speaking their struggle with the white man, but there past experience with the white man and attitude differ somewhat. On the other hand, â€Å"The Atlanta Exposition† speaks of the black mans struggle with the white man, the speaker is wanting the blacks to rise up and prosper with the white man rather than the Indians admitting defeat. First, is â€Å"I am alone†, a speech given by Cochise, a Chiricahua Apache Leader. Cochise gave this speech to the Americans coming to them as a conquered chief. He is very passive, without any rage or intense anger in giving his speech He explained how his tribe had grew from a few into a thriving tribe and all the people they had encountered along the way. First they encountered the Spanish, which his tribe fought and were successful. Then the Mexicans came and the Indians fought them as well, but they were not afraid of the Mexicans because their tribe was substantial and strong. Finally the white man came as his grandfather was chief and the Indians accepted the white man and even exchanged favors. They did not fight the white man off like the others until the Indians were being killed and pushed off their land. Then Cochise went to war killing many soldiers, but for every white man killed there were many to come in his place. Soon the Indian tribe was few in numbers and not as much game left to hunt for food. Second, is â€Å"He has filled graves with our bones†, a speech given by Charlot, a chief of the Kalispel band of Flathead Indians. Charlot gives this speech in regard to the government wanting to tax the Indians, with much anger and hatred tow...

Financial strategy Course -case on Mergers & Acquisitions- Essay

Financial strategy Course -case on Mergers & Acquisitions- - Essay Example The kind of acquisition opted for Capita plc is reverse merger which will provide the benefits of public company thus acquired by it. The expectation of Capita related to the increase in the revenue of Capita plc has well been met. The valuation of iSoft at the point of dealing was AUD 28.5 million from the proceeds of the sale of assets. These earnings of the company were mainly to repay the financial dues of the company. As iSoft Business solutions was considered a non-core part of the iSoft group, so the company took the decision to sell it off as thing wing of the company was yielding negative returns. Moreover, further investment in this particular wing of the company may not have been useful. Thus the decision of selling off the company was taken by the management of the company. However, the major success that Capita plc obtained by acquiring iSoft Business solutions was unthinkable. This led to the company to further acquisition of companies expanding its market in varied fie lds. Thus from the study it can be inferred that acquisition is a better option than a merger. Probable decline in the revenue and the rise in the cost of iSoft Business solutions led to the acquisition of the company by Capita plc. Appreciation of the Australian dollar against the Euro was one of the main reasons behind the decline in earnings of iSoft Business solutions. This eroded the revenue of the company by $108 million in comparison to the previous year. In fiscal year 2010, over 70% of the revenues of iSoft’s revenue were denominated in GBP and Euro. Even the other regions in which iSoft Business solutions operated had more or less flat revenue. Thus the company anticipated a large portion of cost towards the revival of the company but the growth in revenues did not materialize. The major portion of the iSoft’s cost being fixed in nature resulted in the decline in the flow of

Biostatestics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Biostatestics - Assignment Example a) The authors concluded about their study that use of gastric banding compared with lifestyle intervention resulted in a greater percentage achieving a loss of 50% of excess weight, corrected for age among obese adolescent participants. They further noted that there were associated benefits to health and quality of life (OBrien, et al., 2010). c) The major concern of the media watch program was the appropriateness of gastric banding for obese children. The media release of the results and authors did not say much about the adverse effects of the gastric banding procedure. The review further questioned the independence of the research study since Allergan Health their major source of funding doubles as the manufacturer of the gastric bands which were used in the study (Media Watch). d) 4% of the participants in the Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding group dropped out of the study whereas 28% of the participants in the Lifestyle group dropped out of the study (OBrien, et al.,

Risk Management in Facilities Management Dissertation

Risk Management in Facilities Management - Dissertation Example In the end research ethics is given followed by the conclusion of the chapter. Background Facilities management is a field or profession that includes a number of disciplines in order to guarantee the proper functionality of the environment that is being built through incorporating a mix of people, process, place and technology (David, 2006). Facilities as the name suggests can include properties, buildings and other infrastructure. In the industry of facility management, facility is defined as a ‘built environment’ (Booty, 2009). As mentioned in the beginning, facility management’s main objective is to manage the effective and efficient operation of the said ‘built environment’ (David, 2006). In addition to this, facilities management also covers the areas of delivering services that add to the profitability and productivity of the personnel who are using any facility; reducing costs related to operational life cycle; and looking after the maintenanc e and security of facility for high efficiency in operation (David, 2006). Facility managers are the people responsible for the management of facilities. These managers can be working on business levels such as top management level where strategic planning and decision making takes place; or at managerial or operational level where technical issues are being handled (Booty, 2009). During the 1980s, the facilities management industry started to grow due to the expansion of business globally which during that era mainly included outsourcing of management and maintenance of the business facilities by enterprises (David, 2006). The effect of facilities management today not just on one country but on global basis is large because of the rapid growth and diversification in different industries (David, 2006). For instance, in Australia, the number of full-time employees amount up to 200,000 contributing to annual GDP turnover of more than AUD$20 billion making Australia as one of the large st business sectors (Booty, 2009). While the growth of facilities management industry is impressive, it is not without risk. This is where risk management comes in. Over the decade, a lot of emphasis has been given on risk management especially in the field of facilities management (Booty, 2009). It is based on two objectives: to identify risks associated with facilities management and to reduce or eliminate those risks (Booty, 2009). It is therefore important for any facility manager to implement a risk management program in the ‘built environment’ in order to save money on the costs, reduce obligations and insurance, operate a safe facility etc (David, 2006). This phenomenon has increased the importance of risk management in facilities management. Therefore, this research will explore this phenomenon in the topic of facilities risk management. Problem Statement Facilities management has become a vital factor for the effective operation of organizations in either publi c sector or private sector. This has put the role of facilities managers in high importance for the realization of organization objectives in terms of daily operating functions (Booty, 2009). Because facilities management involves the effective and efficient maintenance of operating facilities, it has given rise to many risks that are part of the daily work environment. To identify these risks and reducing them is a big challenge that facilities manage

The Structure Of Protein P53 Biology Essay

The Structure Of Protein P53 Biology Essay Protein p53, encoded by gene Tp53, is known as a tumor suppressor. Discovered in 1979 as a transformation-related protein (DeLeo et al., 1979) and protein which accumulates in the tumor cells binding with simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigens (Lane et al., 1979), p53 was regarded as an important protein in the regulation of an apoptosis and cancerization. During the last 30 years, a large amount of studies was taken in p53 and its related mechanisms in cellular process. In 1980s, researchers cloned the Tp53 gene and determined the role of p53 as a tumor suppressor. However, the structure of p53 protein was uncertain until 2006, in which William and his colleagues determined the DNA binding core domain of protein p53 (William. C. Ho. et al., 2006). Plenty of researches focus on the regulatory mechanism of p53 and hundreds types of targets and regulators of p53 were found, e.g. MDM2, Cyclin H, ATR, ATM, etc. These molecules can interact with p53 and regulate the life process collecti vely. P53 plays a very crucial role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis induction, the mutation of p53 would lead to the cancerization in cells and induce cancer. Bai and Zhu (2006) reported that the mutation or loss of p53 gene and protein can be found in over 50% of tumor cells in human all around the world. For these reasons, the application of cancer therapy through protein p53 and Tp53 gene is a very potential aspect in cancer treatment. This review will describe the structure and function of p53 protein, examine its role in natural and tumor cells and focus on the cancer therapy application through p53. The Structure of P53 Human protein p53 is a 53KDa phosphoprotein encoded by a 20Kb-gene; it has an intricate structure which is closely related to its function. Wild-type P53 protein contains five major domains. The N-terminus of p53 is a transcription-activation domain (TAD), with a major one at residues 1-42 and a minor one at residues 55-75 (Venot et al., 1998). The basic function of this domain is involvement in the regulation of the pro-apoptotic transcription. Following the TAD is a proline-rich region which plays an important role in apoptotic activities. The central core of p53 protein is a DNA binding domain which can bind and interact with special DNA sequence that contain 2 copies of 10bp motif 5-PuPuPuC(A/T)-(T/A)GPyPyPy-3 (Kern et al., 1991). This region is also responsible for binding with LMO3, which is an essential co-repressor of p53 (Larsen et al., 2010). A nuclear localization signaling domain (NLS) is located beside the C-terminus of central core. The C-terminus domain of p53 protein, called negative regulatory domain is involved in the down regulation of DNA binding in central core (Chen, et al., 2005), and is also an essential part for the induction of cell death. A homo-oligomerisation domain (OD) located between the negative regulatory domain and NLS. This part is involved in tetramerization, which is a main activity for p53 in vivo. The different domains of p53 protein have their functions respectively, nevertheless, they constitute an inseparable entirety to play the role as a tumor suppressor. The function of p53 As a cancer suppressor, the main function of p53 is the anticancer function. P53 plays a vital role in apoptosis, gene stability and DNA damage through a series of complex mechanisms. First, p53 can respond to DNA damage through activating the DNA repair protein. For example, upon DNA damage, p53 gets activated and initiates the transcription of repair protein XPC and DDB2. The complex of p53-XPC-DDB2 can repair the DNA damaged by UV (Adimoolam and Ford, 2003). In addition, p53 can arrest the cell cycle at S, G1, and G2 phase (Agarwal et al., 1995), which can provide sufficient time for proteins repair to fix the damaged DNA. Induction of apoptosis, the programmed cell death, is also the essential and most important anti-cancer function of p53. If DNA damage is irreparable, p53 can activate the expression of pro-apoptosis genes like p21, Gadd45 (growth arrest and DNA-damageinducible protein 45), Bcl-2 family, etc. Moreover, p53 can bind and interact with hundreds of protein to regulate the cellular process and apoptosis. P53 can also restrain the cell cycle by repressing the expression of genes include bcl-2, bcl-X, cyclin B1, MAP4 and survivin (Bai and Zhu, 2006). The physiological functions of p53 are to maintain the genetic stability and regulate the normal cell cycle through a complex regulatory network. The mutation of Tp53 gene would lead to the loss of function of p53 protein, resulting in a cellular canceration. Consequently, the essential function of p53 is preventing the cancerization of cells by repairing genes or inducing apoptosis, in order to achieve these function, p53 can interact with a n umber of downstream targets. The Regulation in P53 Level A large amount of cellular response and process is induced by p53 through a series of complex biochemical mechanisms. P53 achieves its function through activating, binding, interacting with myriad kinds of downstream target molecules including kinase, enzymes, etc. Generally, p53 interacts with its target by phosphorylation of transcription-activation domain in N-terminus. The most well-known target of p53 is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) p21. P53 would initiate the transcription and transduction of p21 in response to cellular stress, p21 is necessary in G1 control, the increase of p21 arrest the cell growth and induce cell death (Yin, et al., 1999). P53 and p21 contribute to a cell-cycle check point in G1 phase. The damaged genes would not be allowed to express until they are repair. If most damaged genes cannot be repaired, the accumulation of p21 regulated by p53 would induce apoptosis. Another important target of p53 is MDM2 (also called HDM2 in human body). MDM2 is a p53 inducible gene and its product can bind and interact with p53. The product of MDM2 gene, called p90 or p95, can bind with p53 and combine with ubiquitinate which can induce the degradation of p53 (Buschmann, et al., 2000). MDM2 is the killer of p53 which can keep the amount of p53 proteins into an appropriate level. However, a series of cellular stress would cause the overexpress of MDM2 and result in the over degradation of p53, the cell would lose ground and transform to tumor cell. P53 has plenty of other regulation pathways that cannot be listed in detail. The hundreds of pathways regulated by p53 have two mutual purposes: repair genes and induction of apoptosis. Therefore, the core of the p53 regulation levels is to maintain the stability of genes and accelerate the death of damaged or diseased cells. The Role of p53 in Normal and Tumor cells In natural human cells, the wt-p53 protein can be regarded as a guardian of the cell and genome. It can monitor the vital process, repair the gene indirectly through interaction with repair protein and induce apoptosis when necessary (Hofseth, et al., 2004). P53 plays a crucial role in numerous cellular processes which are related to cell cycle and cell death. If Tp53 gene mutated, the tumor suppression function in the cell would partly reduce. As a result, people whose Tp53 gene was mutated are more susceptible to suffer from cancer. Tp53 gene is mutated in over half of tumor cells; the mutation would alter the structure of p53 protein, thus p53 would lose its function partly or completely. The p53-mutated cells can not die programmatically, and become tumor cells. The mutated p53 protein tends to accumulate in tumor cells because the mutated p53 lose its function to induce the express of MDM2, which can degrade p53 proteins in the cell. The accumulation of p53 protein is a significant feature for the tumor cells. In cancer treatments, tumor cells can be detected through the accumulation of p53. However, mutated p53 can also be an obstacle of the therapy because mutant p53 can inhibit the function of wide-type p53 (Blagosklonny, M. V., 2002). If the treatment strategy is transferring the wide-type p53 into tumor cells, how to eliminate the effect of mutant p53 is the problem which has to be solved first. Consequently, p53 plays crucial roles both in normal cells and tumor cells; it is a gatekeeper in normal cells and a marker for tumor cells; it is an effective target for cancer treatments, nevertheless it can also become a barrier in cancer therapy. Conclusion P53 is the best-known transcription factor and cancer suppressor plays multiple roles in the cell. In healthy cells and, it is a gatekeeper to monitor the cell cycle and prevent the mutation of gene. If some mutations happen in the genome, p53 serve as a doctor to activate the repair process of damaged genes. When cells suffer from an irreversible damage or oncogenic stress, p53 can become a killer of cancerous cells. P53 participates in a number of biochemical pathways which can respond to the stress, arrest cell-cycle, repair gene and induce apoptosis. In the 30 years after the discovery of p53, plenty investigation was devoted into this essential protein and received a number of great achievements. A large amount of downstream targets has been identified and the regulatory network of p53 levels became clearer. Although plenty of details about p53, such as the relationship between each pathway, are still unknown. There is still a potential application through p53 in cancer treatmen ts.

Global Warming - How Republicans are Endangering Our Earth Essay exampl

Imagine the world's major cities completely underwater. Imagine storms so violent that parts of the world became unlivable. Theses are images that one would expect to find in movie house, but environmental scientists tell us what is now a good setting for science fiction could soon be reality due to global warming. Environmental scientists warn that humans are not only making the Earth inhabitable for animals and plants, but that if humans continues with their current practices, the Earth will soon be inhabitable for humans as well. Environmental scientists warn that if the Earth's citizens do not act swiftly and decisively the damage maybe irreversible for humans.   American politicians have consistently rejected proposals for environmental reform. When President Clinton took office in 1993, he promised to become an environmental leader both internationally and nationally, and the proposals that he put to the floor of congress seemed to be the United States's first positive step toward reversing environmental policy. Unfortunately both his call to reduce greenhouse gases and to protect the world's biodiversity were blocked by Republicans in Congress. Since the Republicans have gained control of both the House of Representative and the Senate they have dramatically slashed and or eliminated the little environmental regulation that has taken place in the United States. 1   There clearly is a rift between environmental science and the Republican party, and it is this ideological divide that that is the largest threat to the future of environmental policy in the United States. Opponents of the GOP argue that Republicans are against environmental regulation because of their desire to protect businesses, while others argue that R... ... The Greenhouse Effect (http://www.iinetau/ ecna/info/greenhous.htmle) - This site was helpful in giving background information on the greenhouse effect. 2. Global Warming: Understranding the Forcast (http://www.edf.org/pubs /Brochures/GlobalWarming) - This site examines how scientists think the Earth's temperature will change. 3. What isthe Greenhouse Effect (http://www.marin.k12.ca.us/ kenthtp/kentms.htp/warmiong/greenhs_ref.html) - This site was helpful in giving background information on the greenhouse effect. 4. Forest Today: The Greenhouse Effect (http://www.nafi.com.au/faq.greenhouse.html) - This site examines how the greenhouse effect effect the Earth's shrinking forests. 5. Greenhouse Effect Visualizer (http://www.couis.nwu.edu/GEV/GP_3_6_87_5.html) - This website had temperature maps which predicted the effects of Globa Warming.